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Florante At Laura Story Tagalog

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  • Naman ni Florante si Laura. Florante: Magandang umaga sa iyo prinsesa. Kanina pa kita napapansin. Laura: Magandang umaga, Florante. Salamat sa papuri. Lagi kang ikinukwento sa akin ng iyong ama. Florante: Sana'y makilala pa kita ng lubusan. Laura: Gayon din ako. Ngunit ilang araw na lang at aalis ka na rin. Florante: Oo nga.

The first and only lyric poetry that I have read, but surprisingly good and well-crafted by one of the best Filipino authors of Philippine literature. The love story of Florante and Laura in a time where barbarianism is the culture, allows the readers to know and feel how it.

BornFrancisco Balagtas y de la Cruz
April 4, 1788
Bigaa, Bulacan, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
DiedFebruary 20, 1862 (aged 73)
Udyong, Bataan, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
NicknameKiko Balagtas
OccupationPoetry
LanguageTagalog
CitizenshipSpanish (1812 Spanish Constitution granted Filipino natives Spanish citizenship)
Alma materColegio de San Jose (now San Jose Seminary)
Notable worksFlorante at Laura
SpouseJuana Tiambeng

Francisco Balagtas y de la Cruz (April 4, 1788 – February 20, 1862), commonly known as Francisco Balagtas and also as Francisco Baltazar, was a prominent Filipino poet during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is widely considered one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates for his impact on Filipino literature. The famous epic Florante at Laura is regarded as his defining work.

The surname 'Baltazar', sometimes misconstrued as a pen name, was a legal surname Balagtas adopted after the 1849 edict of Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua, which mandated that the native population adopt standard Spanish surnames instead of native ones. His surname is also sometimes given as 'Balagtas Baltazar' when instead he used one or the other but not both at the same time.

His mentor was José de la Cruz, otherwise known as Huseng Sisiw.

Early life[edit]

Francisco Balagtas was born on April 2, 1788, in Barrio Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan, formerly Bigaa. He was the youngest of the four children of Juan Balagtas, a blacksmith, and Juana de la Cruz. He was baptized on April 30 that same year. He studied Canon Law, Philosophy, Latin, and the Classics in Colegio San Juan de Letran and Colegio de San Jose. He finished school in 1811

Life as a poet[edit]

Florante at laura full story tagalog

Balagtas learned to write poetry from José de la Cruz (Joseng Sisiw), one of the most famous poets of Tondo, in return for chicks. It was De la Cruz himself who personally challenged Balagtas to improve his writing. Balagtas swore he would overcome Huseng Sisiw as he would not ask for anything in return as a poet.

In 1835, Balagtas moved to Pandacan, Manila, where he met María Asunción Rivera, who would effectively serve as the muse for his future works. She is referenced in Florante at Laura as 'Selya' and 'MAR'.

Balagtas' affections for MAR were challenged by the influential Mariano Capule. The latter won the battle for MAR when he used his wealth to get Balagtas imprisoned. It was here that he wrote Florante at Laura—in fact, the events of this poem were meant to parallel his own situation.

He wrote his poems in the Tagalog language, during an age when Filipino writing was predominantly written in Spanish.

Balagtas published 'Florante at Laura' upon his release in 1838. He moved to Balanga, Bataan, in 1840 where he served as the assistant to the Justice of the Peace. He was also appointed as the translator of the court. He married Juana Tiambeng on July 22, 1842, in a ceremony officiated by Fr. Cayetano Arellano, uncle of future Chief Justice to the Supreme Court of the Philippines—Chief Justice Arellano. They had eleven children but only four survived to adulthood. On November 21, 1849, Governor General Narciso Clavería y Zaldua issued a decree that every Filipino native must adopt a Spanish surname. In 1856, he was appointed as the Major Lieutenant, but soon after was convicted and sent to prison again in Bataan under the accusation that he ordered Alferez Lucas' housemaid's head to be shaved.

He sold his land and all of his riches, in order for him to be imprisoned in 1861, and continued writing poetry, along with translating Spanish documents, but he died a year later—on February 20, 1862, at the age of 73. Upon his deathbed, he asked the favor that none of his children become poets like him, who had suffered under his gift as well as under others. He even went as far as to tell them it would be better to cut their hands off than let them be writers.

Balagtas is greatly idolized in the Philippines that the term for Filipino debate in extemporaneous verse is named after him: Balagtasan.

Legacy[edit]

'Pook na Sinilangan ni Balagtas' Monument in Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan

An elementary school was erected in honor of Balagtas, the Francisco Balagtas Elementary School (FBES), located along Alvarez Street in Santa Cruz, Manila. There is also a plaza and park (Plaza Balagtas) erected in Pandacan, Manila while most of the streets were named after various Florante at Laura characters in honor of Francisco Balagtas. His birthplace, Bigaa, Bulacan, was renamed to Balagtas, Bulacan in his memory. A museum, historical marker, monument and elementary school has been placed in his birthplace at Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan. The former Folk Arts Theater in Manila was renamed to Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas to honor Balagtas. Mercurian crater was also named after him. The barangay of Udyong in Orion, Bataan was also renamed Balagtas.

On April 2, 2018, Google celebrated Balagtas' 230th birthday celebration with a Google Doodle.[1][2]

Works[edit]

Sources of Balagtas' work[edit]

No original manuscript in Balagtas' handwriting of any of his works has survived to the present day. This is due mainly to two great fires that razed Udyong (Now Balagtas in Orion, Bataan) and destroyed much of the poet's works.[3][4] The most notable of his works, 'Florante at Laura' or 'Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya' has been published in numerous editions from its original publication in 1838. The oldest extant edition of the Florante is believed to be the 1861 edition[5] published in Manila, while a handwritten manuscript written down by Apolinario Mabini exists and is in the possession of the Philippine National Library.

The major source of the poet's life and works is from a 20th-century work entitled 'Kun Sino ang Kumatha ng Florante' (He who wrote the Florante) by Hermenigildo Cruz. The poet lists down Balagtas' works and recreates some of his plays based on scenes and lines memorized by the poet's children. The book also has an edition of the Florante.[4] Balagtas wrote ten (10) comedias and one (1) metrical romance according to Cruz as well as numerous other poems and short plays that are recorded in his book. These include two (2) laos or short celebratory scenes usually involving a patron saint and performed during fiestas.

Complete works[edit]

Tagalog

Only 3 of Balagtas' works survived complete and intact to this day. Out of the 3, 'Florante at Laura' is considered Balagtas' defining work and is a cultural touchstone for the Philippines.

  • Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya, an awit (metrical narrative poem with dodecasyllabic quatrains [12 syllables per line, 4 lines per stanza]); Balagtas' masterpiece
  • La India elegante y el negrito amante – a short play in one part
  • Orosman at Zafira – a comedia in three parts

Reconstructed/rediscovered works[edit]

Majority of the source material for Balagtas' work come from Hermenigildo Cruz' book which itself is based on the surviving testimonies and memories of Balagtas' children at the turn of the century. In his book, he reconstructs five (5) plays.[6]

  • Rodolfo at Rosemonda
  • Nudo gordeano
  • Abdol at Misereanan – a komedya, staged in Abucay, Bataan in 1857
  • Bayaceto at Dorslica – a komedya in three parts, staged at Udyong on September 27, 1857

Florante At Laura Full Story Tagalog

Minor works[edit]

As a folk poet and employee of the courts, Balagtas' prowess in writing was mainly seen in the yearly fiestas held in nearby towns, a great majority of his plays may have been staged in outdoor theaters set up in town squares and as a poet, a number of his works and writings have been recorded in collections of poetry such as the 'Coleccion de refranes, frases y modismos tagalos' (Guadalupe, 1890) as well as in the accounts of Spanish officials such as Martinez de Zuniga who recorded traditional plays and religious events in Philippine fiestas.[6]

Balagtas also wrote in the Ladino style of poems that were popular among his contemporaries. He is said to have written two (2) loas recorded in Cruz's book as well as numerous Ladinos and didactic works.

Florante At Laura Story Tagalog

Loas[edit]

  • In praise of the Archangel Michael a loa written for the patron saint of the town of Udyong
  • In Celebration of the crowning of Queen Isabella II of the Bourbon Dynasty Celebrating the ascension of Isabella II to the Spanish throne

Minor poems[edit]

A number of Minor poems are recorded in Cruz's book.[4][6]

  • 'Pangaral sa Isang Binibining Ikakasal' (Admonition to a Young Lady About To Be Married) A didactic work.
  • 'Paalam Na sa Iyo. . .!' (And So Farewell to You... !) A bilingual poem (Written in Spanish and Tagalog) written in Ladino style.[6]

Lost works[edit]

Florante

Balagtas learned to write poetry from José de la Cruz (Joseng Sisiw), one of the most famous poets of Tondo, in return for chicks. It was De la Cruz himself who personally challenged Balagtas to improve his writing. Balagtas swore he would overcome Huseng Sisiw as he would not ask for anything in return as a poet.

In 1835, Balagtas moved to Pandacan, Manila, where he met María Asunción Rivera, who would effectively serve as the muse for his future works. She is referenced in Florante at Laura as 'Selya' and 'MAR'.

Balagtas' affections for MAR were challenged by the influential Mariano Capule. The latter won the battle for MAR when he used his wealth to get Balagtas imprisoned. It was here that he wrote Florante at Laura—in fact, the events of this poem were meant to parallel his own situation.

He wrote his poems in the Tagalog language, during an age when Filipino writing was predominantly written in Spanish.

Balagtas published 'Florante at Laura' upon his release in 1838. He moved to Balanga, Bataan, in 1840 where he served as the assistant to the Justice of the Peace. He was also appointed as the translator of the court. He married Juana Tiambeng on July 22, 1842, in a ceremony officiated by Fr. Cayetano Arellano, uncle of future Chief Justice to the Supreme Court of the Philippines—Chief Justice Arellano. They had eleven children but only four survived to adulthood. On November 21, 1849, Governor General Narciso Clavería y Zaldua issued a decree that every Filipino native must adopt a Spanish surname. In 1856, he was appointed as the Major Lieutenant, but soon after was convicted and sent to prison again in Bataan under the accusation that he ordered Alferez Lucas' housemaid's head to be shaved.

He sold his land and all of his riches, in order for him to be imprisoned in 1861, and continued writing poetry, along with translating Spanish documents, but he died a year later—on February 20, 1862, at the age of 73. Upon his deathbed, he asked the favor that none of his children become poets like him, who had suffered under his gift as well as under others. He even went as far as to tell them it would be better to cut their hands off than let them be writers.

Balagtas is greatly idolized in the Philippines that the term for Filipino debate in extemporaneous verse is named after him: Balagtasan.

Legacy[edit]

'Pook na Sinilangan ni Balagtas' Monument in Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan

An elementary school was erected in honor of Balagtas, the Francisco Balagtas Elementary School (FBES), located along Alvarez Street in Santa Cruz, Manila. There is also a plaza and park (Plaza Balagtas) erected in Pandacan, Manila while most of the streets were named after various Florante at Laura characters in honor of Francisco Balagtas. His birthplace, Bigaa, Bulacan, was renamed to Balagtas, Bulacan in his memory. A museum, historical marker, monument and elementary school has been placed in his birthplace at Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan. The former Folk Arts Theater in Manila was renamed to Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas to honor Balagtas. Mercurian crater was also named after him. The barangay of Udyong in Orion, Bataan was also renamed Balagtas.

On April 2, 2018, Google celebrated Balagtas' 230th birthday celebration with a Google Doodle.[1][2]

Works[edit]

Sources of Balagtas' work[edit]

No original manuscript in Balagtas' handwriting of any of his works has survived to the present day. This is due mainly to two great fires that razed Udyong (Now Balagtas in Orion, Bataan) and destroyed much of the poet's works.[3][4] The most notable of his works, 'Florante at Laura' or 'Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya' has been published in numerous editions from its original publication in 1838. The oldest extant edition of the Florante is believed to be the 1861 edition[5] published in Manila, while a handwritten manuscript written down by Apolinario Mabini exists and is in the possession of the Philippine National Library.

The major source of the poet's life and works is from a 20th-century work entitled 'Kun Sino ang Kumatha ng Florante' (He who wrote the Florante) by Hermenigildo Cruz. The poet lists down Balagtas' works and recreates some of his plays based on scenes and lines memorized by the poet's children. The book also has an edition of the Florante.[4] Balagtas wrote ten (10) comedias and one (1) metrical romance according to Cruz as well as numerous other poems and short plays that are recorded in his book. These include two (2) laos or short celebratory scenes usually involving a patron saint and performed during fiestas.

Complete works[edit]

Only 3 of Balagtas' works survived complete and intact to this day. Out of the 3, 'Florante at Laura' is considered Balagtas' defining work and is a cultural touchstone for the Philippines.

  • Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya, an awit (metrical narrative poem with dodecasyllabic quatrains [12 syllables per line, 4 lines per stanza]); Balagtas' masterpiece
  • La India elegante y el negrito amante – a short play in one part
  • Orosman at Zafira – a comedia in three parts

Reconstructed/rediscovered works[edit]

Majority of the source material for Balagtas' work come from Hermenigildo Cruz' book which itself is based on the surviving testimonies and memories of Balagtas' children at the turn of the century. In his book, he reconstructs five (5) plays.[6]

  • Rodolfo at Rosemonda
  • Nudo gordeano
  • Abdol at Misereanan – a komedya, staged in Abucay, Bataan in 1857
  • Bayaceto at Dorslica – a komedya in three parts, staged at Udyong on September 27, 1857

Florante At Laura Full Story Tagalog

Minor works[edit]

As a folk poet and employee of the courts, Balagtas' prowess in writing was mainly seen in the yearly fiestas held in nearby towns, a great majority of his plays may have been staged in outdoor theaters set up in town squares and as a poet, a number of his works and writings have been recorded in collections of poetry such as the 'Coleccion de refranes, frases y modismos tagalos' (Guadalupe, 1890) as well as in the accounts of Spanish officials such as Martinez de Zuniga who recorded traditional plays and religious events in Philippine fiestas.[6]

Balagtas also wrote in the Ladino style of poems that were popular among his contemporaries. He is said to have written two (2) loas recorded in Cruz's book as well as numerous Ladinos and didactic works.

Florante At Laura Story Tagalog

Loas[edit]

  • In praise of the Archangel Michael a loa written for the patron saint of the town of Udyong
  • In Celebration of the crowning of Queen Isabella II of the Bourbon Dynasty Celebrating the ascension of Isabella II to the Spanish throne

Minor poems[edit]

A number of Minor poems are recorded in Cruz's book.[4][6]

  • 'Pangaral sa Isang Binibining Ikakasal' (Admonition to a Young Lady About To Be Married) A didactic work.
  • 'Paalam Na sa Iyo. . .!' (And So Farewell to You... !) A bilingual poem (Written in Spanish and Tagalog) written in Ladino style.[6]

Lost works[edit]

Five (5) of the ten (10) plays Balagtas wrote as recorded by Cruz are considered lost. Another work, 'Claus' a translation work from Latin is considered lost for Cruz does not mention any fragments or elaborates on it in his book, Eufronio Alip's 1930 Tagalog literary history mentions the same book.[7] Among his other lost works, one should consider plays and short poems written by Balagtas in his lifetime for fiestas and celebrations as well as to earn his living. Eufronio Alip, in his 1930 historical study on Tagalog literature, also provides an additional two (2) titles of plays by Balagtas.[7]

  • Don Nuño at Selinda o la desgracia del amor en la inocencia – a komedya in three parts
  • Auredato at Astrome – a komedya in three parts
  • Clara Belmore – a komedya in three parts
  • Alamansor at Rosalinda – a komedya staged at Udyong during the town's feast
  • Mahomet at Constanza
  • Claus (translated into Tagalog from Latin)
  • La Eleccion del Gobernadorcillo – a komedya in prose, in five parts
  • Mariang Makiling – a komedya in nine parts

References[edit]

  1. ^http://news.abs-cbn.com/life/04/02/18/google-celebrates-balagtas-230th-birthday-with-special-doodle
  2. ^https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/arts-and-culture/199363-google-doodle-francisco-balagtas-birth-anniversary
  3. ^'The web portal of BWM Group of Publications'. businessweekmindanao.com. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
  4. ^ abcCruz, H. (1906). Kun sino ang kumathâ ng̃ 'Florante': kasaysayan ng̃ búhay ni Francisco Baltazar at pag-uulat nang kanyang karunung̃a't kadakilaan. Libr. 'Manila Filatélico,'. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
  5. ^https://trixiesolis.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/florante-at-laura.pdf
  6. ^ abcd'Consolidation of Tradition in Nineteenth-Century Tagalog Poetry | Lumbera | Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints'. philippinestudies.net. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
  7. ^ abhttps://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/AEG8734.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francisco Balagtas.
  • Works by Francisco Balagtas at Project Gutenberg
  • Works by or about Francisco Balagtas at Internet Archive

Florante At Laura Story Tagalog Version

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Balagtas&oldid=989333870'
Florante at Laurais considered anawit,or long narrative poem. The genre consists of fantastic or chivalric-heroicthemes written in rhyming quatrains running to hundreds or thousands of lines.Although apparently set in a distant land with non-Filipino characters, even acursory reading of the text reveals parallel situations in Filipino life.
In 1838 was published perhaps the mostinfluential of all Filipino poetry – the metrical romance entitledPinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante atni Laura sa Cahariang Albania – Quinuha sa Madlang Cuadro Historico o PinturangNagsasabi nang manga Nangyari nang unang Panahon sa Imperio nang Grecia – atTinula nang isang Matouian sa Versong Tagalog (The Life Story of Florante andLaura in the Kingdom of Albania: Culled from historical accounts and paintingswhich describe what happened in ancient Greece, and written by one who enjoysTagalog verse). Today its long title has been simply shortened toFlorante at Laura. Baltazar wasa true pioneer in early 19th century Philippines. Writing inTagalogwas acourageous and novel move, for at that time most published work was in Spanish.His Tagalog works established the legitimacy of writing literary works inTagalog, demonstrating the heights the language could reach.
Florante at Laurais set in a distant land, but theprotagonists suffer similar fates as Filipinos of the Spanish colonial era. Theprotagonist is Florante, son of the second in command of the Kingdom ofAlbania. The other title character is Laura, the daughter of King Linceus, inspiredby Rivera, Baltazar's former muse. The romance juxtaposes the stories of theseill-fated lovers with the similarly-fated romance of Flerida, a Muslim princessand Aladdin, the son of Sultan Ali-Adab of Persia. On the surface the workresembles a typical Filipinokomedyaormoro-moro, a morality theatrical work depicting the eternalduel of Moors and Christians set in a mythical or distant kingdom. But when theFilipinos first heard Baltazar's work, it sounded almost revolutionary, becausethe lines dared to depict common injustices that Filipinos had suffered at thehands of Spaniards, as well as the typical evils that beset them during thecolonial regime.
Florante at Laurais filled with passages on living theupright life and respecting elders and the values of love for country, industryand patriotism. One of its central themes is that religious differences shouldnot be used to discriminate against another. The themes mined by Baltazarcontinue to reverberate within Philippine society, so much so that the work isconsidered along withJose Rizal's'Noli MeTangere'as part ofthe Philippine literary canon and was made obligatory reading at the secondarylevel.

UP historianJaime Veneracionassesses its impact: 'Contemporaneouswith Varela's ‘Proclama Historia' was Francisco (Balagtas) Baltazar'sFloranteat Laura, which, though written in the Spanish corrido genre, didn't tellthe usual religious story. Instead, it told of a hero, Florante, who was adeposed ruler of a faraway kingdom of Albania. The pretender to the throneexploited the people, took away Florante's sweetheart, Laura, and had Florantetied to a tree in the forest where he could be devoured by lions. Florante wassaved by a Moro prince who, just like him, was a victim of schemers andpretenders. The Christian and the Moro then found themselves together in thestruggle to recover their respective kingdoms. Francisco Baltazar referred tothe lost kingdom as ‘ang bayan kong sawi,' roughly, ‘my unfortunate bayan,' abayan exploited by pretenders and colonizers and which should be defended byChristian and Moro brothers-in-arms. And used here, ‘bayan' already presagedthe concept of a nation, a construct presupposing the existence of othernations. The knowledge that there already existed certain places such asAlbania made it valid for one to have a ‘bayan' of one's own.'

Florante At Laura Story Tagalog

Source: NA. (n.d.). Francisco Balagtas. Retrieved May 18, 2014, from Wikipilipinas : http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Francisco_Baltazar

Florante At Laura Movie


Florante At Laura Tagalog






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